A short musical form written especially for the piano is called a

5 answers

That is called a prelude.

Sra
P.S. Here is a definition from an online dictionary:

a : a musical section or movement introducing the theme or chief subject (as of a fugue or suite) or serving as an introduction to an opera or oratorio b : an opening voluntary c : a separate concert piece usually for piano or orchestra and based entirely on a short motif

Sra
Sonata also fits your definition.

n. A composition for one or more solo instruments, one of which is usually a keyboard instrument, usually consisting of three or four independent movements varying in key, mood, and tempo.
Hmmm. Here in Texas, a jig also fits. It is music in three quarter time, for a lively dance, and it doesn't last long.
Another composition that would fit would be an "etude"

A short piece of music, designed to give a soloist performer practice in a particular area or skill