Use the diagrams to answer the question.

Question

A diagram represents Spartan rule headed by two kings, with three government groups below them. The top box in the diagram is titled Kings, followed by the number 2 and descriptive text that reads: role assumed due to hereditary power; commanded military and held voting power. Three boxes of equal importance flow down from the top box. The first box is titled Ephors, followed by the number 5. The text reads: elected Spartan citizens; advised kings and debated important issues. The next box is titled Gerousia, followed by the number 28. The text reads: held special voting power and judicial power. The third box is titled Ekklesia, and the text reads: Spartan citizens; met once a month to discuss military, political, and cultural matters.

A pyramid diagram shows three elements of Carthaginian hierarchal government. The top third of the pyramid is titled Suffetes, followed by the number 2 and the words: elected officials. The middle section is titled Specially Elected Officials, followed by the number 5 and text reading: managed taxes, finances, and military matters. The base section is titled Senate, followed by text reading: Carthaginian citizens; debated on social and judicial issues.



Which statements accurately compare the government systems of Sparta and Carthage?

(1 point)
Responses

The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had two leaders. The Spartan government had hereditary kings while the Carthaginian government had elected leaders.
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had two leaders. The Spartan government had hereditary kings while the Carthaginian government had elected leaders.

The Spartan and Carthaginian governments were both oligarchies. Carthage focused more on military matters and Sparta focused more on democracy.
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments were both oligarchies. Carthage focused more on military matters and Sparta focused more on democracy.

The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both used a council. The Spartan senate used 500 elected officials while the council of Carthage had 28 elected officials.
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both used a council. The Spartan senate used 500 elected officials while the council of Carthage had 28 elected officials.

The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had an assembly. The Spartan government elected citizens in the assembly while the Carthage government did not.
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had an assembly. The Spartan government elected citizens in the assembly while the Carthage government did not.

Answer 1

Based on the information provided in the diagrams and the analysis of the statements, the accurate comparison of the government systems of Sparta and Carthage is:

The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had two leaders. The Spartan government had hereditary kings while the Carthaginian government had elected leaders.

Here’s a breakdown of why the other statements are not accurate:

• Both governments were oligarchies, but Carthage did not focus more on military matters than Sparta, nor did Sparta focus more on democracy. Sparta was known for its military focus, while Carthage had its own military emphasis but was more commercial and engaged in trade.

• Neither government had a council of 500 elected officials. Sparta's Gerousia had 28 members, while the Carthaginian Senate was made up of citizens but did not have a specified number of 500 officials.

• Both governments had assemblies (Ekklesia for Sparta and likely a similar function for the Carthaginian Senate), but the details of how they operated are not accurately represented in the statement about elections. The Spartan Ekklesia consisted of all Spartan citizens, while the details for Carthage don’t specify that all citizens could participate in an assembly as they could in Sparta.

Thus, the first comparison statement correctly captures the difference in leadership structure between the two systems.