To accurately compare the government systems of Sparta and Carthage, let’s analyze the statements provided:
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The Spartan and Carthaginian governments were both oligarchies. Carthage focused more on military matters and Sparta focused more on democracy.
- This statement is misleading. While both governments have oligarchic elements, Sparta is often characterized by its militaristic society, whereas Carthage had a different structure focused more on trade and finance, not primarily on military.
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The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had an assembly. The Spartan government elected citizens in the assembly while the Carthage government did not.
- This is inaccurate. Both governments had assemblies, and it is not correct that the Carthaginian government did not involve the citizenry in its assembly functions.
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The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both used a council. The Spartan senate used 500 elected officials while the council of Carthage had 28 elected officials.
- This statement is incorrect. The Spartan council (Gerousia) had 28 members, not 500. The Spartan Ekklesia acted as an assembly for citizens, whereas in Carthage, the Senate was a different entity composed of citizens debating social and judicial issues.
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The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had two leaders. The Spartan government had hereditary kings while the Carthaginian government had elected leaders.
- This statement is accurate. Spartan governance featured two hereditary kings, while Carthage was led by two elected officials (Suffetes).
Based on this analysis, the most accurate statement comparing the government systems of Sparta and Carthage is:
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had two leaders. The Spartan government had hereditary kings while the Carthaginian government had elected leaders.