Use the diagrams to answer the question.

Question

A diagram represents Spartan rule headed by two kings, with three government groups below them. The top box in the diagram is titled Kings, followed by the number 2 and descriptive text that reads: role assumed due to hereditary power; commanded military and held voting power. Three boxes of equal importance flow down from the top box. The first box is titled Ephors, followed by the number 5. The text reads: elected Spartan citizens; advised kings and debated important issues. The next box is titled Gerousia, followed by the number 28. The text reads: held special voting power and judicial power. The third box is titled Ekklesia, and the text reads: Spartan citizens; met once a month to discuss military, political, and cultural matters.

A pyramid diagram shows three elements of Carthaginian hierarchal government. The top third of the pyramid is titled Suffetes, followed by the number 2 and the words: elected officials. The middle section is titled Specially Elected Officials, followed by the number 5 and text reading: managed taxes, finances, and military matters. The base section is titled Senate, followed by text reading: Carthaginian citizens; debated on social and judicial issues.



Which statements accurately compare the government systems of Sparta and Carthage?

(1 point)
Responses

The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had two leaders. The Spartan government had hereditary kings while the Carthaginian government had elected leaders.
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had two leaders. The Spartan government had hereditary kings while the Carthaginian government had elected leaders.

The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both used a council. The Spartan senate used 500 elected officials while the council of Carthage had 28 elected officials.
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both used a council. The Spartan senate used 500 elected officials while the council of Carthage had 28 elected officials.

The Spartan and Carthaginian governments were both oligarchies. Carthage focused more on military matters and Sparta focused more on democracy.
The Spartan and Carthaginian governments were both oligarchies. Carthage focused more on military matters and Sparta focused more on democracy.

The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had an assembly. The Spartan government elected citizens in the assembly while the Carthage government did not.

Answer 1

The accurate comparison between the government systems of Sparta and Carthage from the given statements is:

The Spartan and Carthaginian governments both had two leaders. The Spartan government had hereditary kings while the Carthaginian government had elected leaders.

The other statements are incorrect for the following reasons:

• The Spartan senate (Gerousia) does not consist of 500 elected officials; it consists of 28 members, not 500, which makes that statement incorrect.

• Both governments can be considered oligarchies, but Sparta did not focus more on democracy; rather, it had a system that emphasized military and oligarchic elements, while Carthage had more representative features through its elected officials.

• Both governments had assemblies (Ekklesia in Sparta and the Senate in Carthage). The statement incorrectly suggests that only the Spartan government elected citizens in its assembly, which is misleading since the Carthaginian Senate also involved citizen participation.

In summary, the first statement accurately captures a key difference between the two government systems.