Solve the homogeneous equation first:
y_h' = - sin(x) y_h ---->
y_h(x) = K exp[cos(x)]
Then, to find the solution, you use the variation of the constant method, i.e. take the solution of the homogeneous solution y_h and there you replace K by an unknown function K(x):
y(x) = K(x) exp[cos(x)]
If you substitute this in the differential equation then what happens is that only the term proportional to K' survives. Due to the product rule the terms proportional to K are what you would get if K were a constant, but these terms will satisfy the homogeneous equation, so they will sum to zero.
So, what you get is:
K' Exp[cos(x)] = x Exp[cos(x)] ----->
K = 1/2 x^2 + c ----->
y(x) = (1/2 x^2 + c)Exp[cos(x)]
Solve the IVP
{y'=-(sinx)y + xexp(cosx)
y(0) = 1
Please show me step by step. Do I need to find out if this is exact? Do I use an integrating factor?
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