Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a diverse group of blood cancers that include various subtypes. While the exact cause of NHL is not fully understood, several risk factors and potential causes have been identified. Here are three notable factors that may contribute to the development of non-Hodgkin lymphoma:
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Immune System Dysfunction: Conditions that weaken the immune system, such as HIV/AIDS, autoimmune diseases (like rheumatoid arthritis or lupus), and the use of immunosuppressive medications (after organ transplants, for example), have been associated with an increased risk of NHL.
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Infections: Certain viral and bacterial infections have been linked to non-Hodgkin lymphoma. For instance, the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which is associated with infectious mononucleosis, and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are both known to increase the risk. Additionally, infections with Helicobacter pylori (bacteria) have been connected to gastric lymphomas in particular subtypes.
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Environmental Factors: Exposure to certain chemicals and substances, such as pesticides, herbicides, and solvents, has been suggested as a risk factor for developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This includes occupational exposures in farming and chemical industries.
It’s important to note that while these factors may increase the risk, they do not guarantee the development of NHL, and many people with these risk factors never develop the disease.
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