To find the area where the goats will be allowed to roam, we need to calculate the total area of the larger fenced area and then subtract the area of the garden that is fenced off.
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Calculate the area of the goat fence: \[ \text{Area of goat fence} = \text{length} \times \text{width} = 12 , \text{yd} \times 15 , \text{yd} = 180 , \text{yd}^2 \]
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Calculate the area of the garden: \[ \text{Area of garden} = \text{length} \times \text{width} = 3 , \text{yd} \times 6 , \text{yd} = 18 , \text{yd}^2 \]
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Subtract the area of the garden from the area of the goat fence: \[ \text{Area for goats} = \text{Area of goat fence} - \text{Area of garden} = 180 , \text{yd}^2 - 18 , \text{yd}^2 = 162 , \text{yd}^2 \]
Therefore, the area that the goats will be allowed to roam is 162 yd².