To find the force applied to the baseball, we can use Newton's second law of motion, which states:
\[ F = m \cdot a \]
where:
- \( F \) is the force,
- \( m \) is the mass,
- \( a \) is the acceleration.
First, we need to convert the mass of the baseball from grams to kilograms, since the standard unit of mass in the SI system is kilograms:
\[ 145 , \text{g} = 0.145 , \text{kg} \]
Given that the acceleration \( a \) is \( 80 , \text{m/s}^2 \), we can now calculate the force:
\[ F = 0.145 , \text{kg} \cdot 80 , \text{m/s}^2 \]
Calculating this gives:
\[ F = 11.6 , \text{N} \]
Therefore, the force that the pitcher applied to the baseball is 11.6 N.