we measured by the amount of energy released in the nutrients are broke down, are known as

The amount of energy released when nutrients are broken down is known as caloric value or energy content. In biological terms, this energy is often measured in calories or joules and can refer to the energy obtained from macronutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats during metabolic processes. In nutrition, the term kilocalories (kcal) is commonly used to express the energy available in food.