Question

How can a stationary metal sphere have kinetic energy, the energy of motion?

The metal is made of atoms, which store potential energy.
• The metal sphere can be rolled.
• The metal is made of atoms,
which are vibrating in place.
• The metal's molecules are moving around.

Answer 1

Although the metal sphere itself may not be moving through space, the atoms and molecules that make up the metal are constantly in motion, even in a stationary object. This movement at the atomic and molecular level contributes to the overall kinetic energy of the metal sphere. Additionally, if the metal sphere is rotated or rolled, it will have kinetic energy due to its motion through space.