Question

What is hydrogen derivative?
-Compund that contains additional atoms other than carbon and hydrogen?

What is the common name for ethanol?
-grain alcohol?

Thanks.

Answer 1

For hydrogen derivative, scroll through the site below (about 1/3 the page down just under the first picture), where boron/hydrogen derivative is used.
http://www.hydrogencarsnow.com/hydrogen-on-demand.htm

Grain alcohol is a common term but there are others as you can see at this site.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanol

Answer 2

I don't think I get the first one....

Also, can you reply my previous post question? What should I put instead of the word "primary"?
A [primary] alcohol has a hydroxyl group on the interior of the hydrocarbon chain.

Thank you!

Answer 3

#1. When the paper talks about sodium borohydride as a source for hydrogen, it states something like "so sodium borohydride or boron/hydrogen derivatives" which means that some other hydrogen compound beside a borohydride OR some other boron compound besides boron could be used to provide either the boron OR the hydrogen component of their technology.
For the second one, I don't remember the question; however, I think the word "secondary" goes there. A primary alcohol has the OH group on the end (CH3OH, CH3CH2OH, CH3CH2CH2CH2OH, etc. which can be written in general terms as RCH2OH) whereas a secondary alcohol has the OH group attached to an interior carbon (technically a secondary carbon) such as CH3CH(OH)CH3 (which I would write as a general term as RCH(OH)R' or R2CHOH). Is there more to the sentence? I ask because a tertiary alcohol also has an OH group on the interior (general formula is R3COH although it could be argued that this is on the outside, also.
The definitions are these:
A primary alcohol has the OH group on a primary carbon atom.
A secondary alcohol has the OH group on a secondary carbon atom.
A tertiary alcohol has the OH group on a tertiary alcohol.
I know none of that makes much sense unless we know a primary carbon, secondary carbon, and tertiary carbon. Those definitions are these.
A primary carbon atom has ONE other C atom attached.
A secondary carbon atom has TWO other C atoms attached.
A tertiary carbon atom has THREE other C atoms attached.
[Another definition I have seen, and in many respects it is easier to say because there is less verbiage, is this.
A primary carbon atom has two H atoms attached.
A secondary carbon atom has one H atom attached.
A tertiary carbon atoms has no H atoms attached. Note RCH2OH is a primary alcohol because the OH group is attached to a primary C atom (the one with two H atoms attached), R2CHOH is a secondary alcohol because the OH group is attached to a secondary carbon atom (the C with one H on it), and R3COH is a tertiary alcohol because the OH group is attached to a tertiary C atom (the C with no H atoms on it).

Answer 4

Note this typo.
<b>A tertiary alcohol has the OH group on a tertiary alcohol. <b>
should be,
A tertiary alcohol has the OH group on a tertiary carbon atom. </b></b>

Answer 5

Oh, thank you very much :)

Answer 6

There is no more to the sentence...
Anyway, thanks for your definitions.