Why do we see different phases of the lunar cycle?

Question

As the moon rotates around its axis, different sides of it become visible.
As Earth rotates around its axis, people can see different sides of the moon.
As Earth revolves around the Sun, the moon is cast in different shadows by Earth.
As the moon revolves around Earth, the different amounts of the sunlit side faces Earth.

Answer 1

The correct explanation for why we see different phases of the lunar cycle is:

As the moon revolves around Earth, the different amounts of the sunlit side face Earth.

As the Moon orbits around Earth, the angle between the Earth, Moon, and Sun changes. This causes different portions of the Moon's sunlit side to be visible from Earth, resulting in the various phases of the Moon, such as new moon, first quarter, full moon, and last quarter.