Among the options given, D. sugar is most likely to dissolve in greater quantities in cold water.
While potassium chloride (B) and sodium chloride (C) also dissolve well in water, their solubility tends to be less sensitive to temperature changes compared to sugar. Oxygen (A) has very limited solubility in water, regardless of temperature. Sugar, on the other hand, is known for its good solubility in water and can dissolve in significant amounts even when the water is cold.