Question 6: Which situation violates the Eighth Amendment protections regarding criminal punishment?
The correct answer is: A person is sentenced to life in prison for shoplifting.
This situation violates the Eighth Amendment, which prohibits excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishments. A life sentence for shoplifting is considered excessive and disproportionate to the crime.
Question 7: Why did the Constitutional Convention agree to the Three-Fifths Compromise?
The correct answer is: To settle debates over the issue of counting the enslaved population for representation.
The Three-Fifths Compromise was reached to determine how slaves would be counted for purposes of representation in Congress and taxation. It established that each enslaved person would be counted as three-fifths of a person.