Here’s a breakdown of each sentence to determine whether it describes a physical or chemical change:
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You burn a piece of toast when leaving it in the oven. The bread is now black.
- Chemical Change (The burning of the bread produces new substances, such as carbon.)
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You forgot to dry a knife. After washing it, the next time you look at it, you see reddish-brown spots on the blade.
- Chemical Change (The reddish-brown spots indicate rust, which is a new substance formed through the chemical reaction of iron with oxygen and moisture.)
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You use a blow dryer to dry your hair.
- Physical Change (The hair dries, but its chemical composition remains the same; water is evaporated.)
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A straight piece of wire is coiled to form a spring.
- Physical Change (The wire's shape has changed, but its chemical properties have not.)
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Food color is dropped into water to give it color.
- Physical Change (The food coloring disperses in the water without changing its chemical nature.)
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Chewing food to break it down into smaller particles represents a physical change, but the changing of starch into sugars by enzymes in the digestive system represents a chemical change.
- This is correct. Chewing is a Physical Change, while the action of enzymes breaking down starches into sugars is a Chemical Change.
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In a firework show, the fireworks explode, giving off heat and light.
- Chemical Change (The combustion of the chemicals in fireworks results in new substances and energy production.)
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You crush a piece of chalk into a fine powder.
- Physical Change (Crushing changes the form but not the chemical composition of chalk.)
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You dissolve chocolate syrup into a glass of milk, and the milk is now a shade of brown.
- Physical Change (Dissolving is a physical process; the chocolate syrup and milk retain their chemical identities.)
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You toast a marshmallow over a campfire until it has a golden brown crust.
- Chemical Change (The toasting causes chemical reactions that change the marshmallow's composition.)
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You snap a glow stick, and it begins to glow a bright yellow color and is warm in your hand.
- Chemical Change (The chemical reaction inside the glow stick produces light and heat, resulting in new substances.)
In summary:
- Chemical Changes: 1, 2, 5 (mention of enzymes), 6, 7, 10, 11
- Physical Changes: 3, 4, 8, 9