All of the options listed contributed to tensions between early European settlers and Native Americans, but one of the most significant factors that caused clashes was:
Europeans wanted the Native Americans to convert to European religions.
This desire to convert Native Americans often led to conflicts, as Europeans imposed their beliefs and sought to change the cultural practices of Native Americans. However, it's important to note that other factors, such as competition for resources, misunderstandings in trade, and differing views on land ownership, also played crucial roles in the clashes.