Schools were not available for African-American slaves. With the Emancipation Proclamation, they were no longer slaves, but were still not allowed to socialize or attend school with whites. See these sites for more information about the history of school segregation.
http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/329018/history_of_segregation_in_america.html?cat=37
http://www.rethinkingschools.org/archive/18_03/stra183.shtml
What started the school segregation?
2 answers
To understand this, you have to go back to Colonial America and learn what education consisted of then.
http://www.google.com/search?q=education+in+us+1700s&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&client=firefox-a&rlz=1R1GGGL_en___US357
1. Primarily the males were educated, especially those who came from moneyed families.
2. Primarily the females were taught what they needed to know to be good wives and mothers.
3. Slaves were given no education at all. In fact, in most (maybe all) of the colonies, it was illegal for slaves to learn (be taught) how to read and write.
Can you see where all that was leading? What do you think happened after slavery was abolished?
http://www.google.com/search?q=education+in+us+1700s&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&client=firefox-a&rlz=1R1GGGL_en___US357
1. Primarily the males were educated, especially those who came from moneyed families.
2. Primarily the females were taught what they needed to know to be good wives and mothers.
3. Slaves were given no education at all. In fact, in most (maybe all) of the colonies, it was illegal for slaves to learn (be taught) how to read and write.
Can you see where all that was leading? What do you think happened after slavery was abolished?