The primary purpose of examining submitted ballistics specimens within the context of the "seven problems" in forensic ballistics or firearm identification is to establish connections between firearms, ammunition, and crime scenes or victims. This examination aids in answering critical questions in criminal investigations, such as:
- Association: Determining if a specific firearm was used in a crime.
- Identification: Identifying the individual characteristics of a firearm through its unique markings left on bullets and cartridge cases, which can be matched to a specific gun.
- Reconstruction: Assisting in the reconstruction of shooting incidents, helping to understand the sequence of events, angles, and distances involved.
- Source determination: Identifying the source of firearms used in criminal activity to assist in tracing guns back to owners or sellers.
- Safety assessments: Evaluating whether a firearm has been properly maintained and is functioning safely, which can be relevant in cases of accidental discharges.
- Understanding ammunition: Analyzing the types of ammunition discharged can provide insights into the crime, including the potential lethality and intent of the shooter.
- Providing expert testimony: Ensuring the findings are communicated effectively in legal contexts, assisting law enforcement and judicial processes.
Overall, through careful examination of ballistic specimens, forensic experts aim to provide objective, scientifically-backed evidence that can support investigations and legal proceedings.