What is the arithmetic mean of all of the positive two-digit integers with the property that the integer is equal to the sum of its first digit plus its second digit plus the product of its two digits?

1 answer

To find the arithmetic mean of all the positive two-digit integers \( ab \) (where \( a \) is the first digit and \( b \) is the second digit), we need to satisfy the property:

\[ 10a + b = a + b + ab. \]

This simplifies to:

\[ 10a + b = a + b + ab \implies 10a + b - a - b = ab \implies 9a = ab \implies ab - 9a = 0 \implies a(b - 9) = 0. \]

Since \( a \) (the first digit of a two-digit number) cannot be \( 0 \), we must have:

\[ b - 9 = 0 \implies b = 9. \]

This means that any two-digit integer of the form \( ab \) must have \( b = 9 \). Thus, the possible integers are:

  • \( 19 \)
  • \( 29 \)
  • \( 39 \)
  • \( 49 \)
  • \( 59 \)
  • \( 69 \)
  • \( 79 \)
  • \( 89 \)
  • \( 99 \)

Now we can enumerate these integers:

  1. \( 19 \)
  2. \( 29 \)
  3. \( 39 \)
  4. \( 49 \)
  5. \( 59 \)
  6. \( 69 \)
  7. \( 79 \)
  8. \( 89 \)
  9. \( 99 \)

Next, we need to calculate the arithmetic mean. The sum of these integers:

\[ 19 + 29 + 39 + 49 + 59 + 69 + 79 + 89 + 99. \]

Calculating this sum step-by-step:

\[ 19 + 29 = 48, \ 48 + 39 = 87, \ 87 + 49 = 136, \ 136 + 59 = 195, \ 195 + 69 = 264, \ 264 + 79 = 343, \ 343 + 89 = 432, \ 432 + 99 = 531. \]

Now, we find the number of elements in our set, which is \( 9 \). Therefore, the arithmetic mean is:

\[ \text{Arithmetic Mean} = \frac{\text{Sum}}{\text{Count}} = \frac{531}{9}. \]

To simplify \( \frac{531}{9} \), we perform the division:

\[ 531 \div 9 = 59 \quad \text{remainder } 0. \]

Thus, \( 531 \) is evenly divisible by \( 9 \), and:

\[ \frac{531}{9} = 59. \]

Consequently, the arithmetic mean of all of the positive two-digit integers with the property described is:

\[ \boxed{59}. \]