What has a greater influence on protein levels?

Question

(1 point)
Responses

Positive transcription factor affinity has a greater influence because you cannot turn genes on without it.
Positive transcription factor affinity has a greater influence because you cannot turn genes on without it.

Polymerase affinity has a greater influence because you cannot start reading mRNA without it.
Polymerase affinity has a greater influence because you cannot start reading mRNA without it.

Positive transcription factor affinity has a greater influence because you cannot start reading mRNA without it.
Positive transcription factor affinity has a greater influence because you cannot start reading mRNA without it.

Polymerase affinity has a greater influence because mRNA cannot be translated into proteins without it.

Answer 1

The answer that accurately reflects the relationship between transcription factors, polymerase affinity, and protein levels is:

Polymerase affinity has a greater influence because you cannot start reading mRNA without it.

While positive transcription factors are important for initiating transcription, the actual process of creating mRNA (which is then translated into proteins) relies heavily on the ability of RNA polymerase to bind to the DNA and carry out transcription. Without polymerase binding and activity, no mRNA would be produced, regardless of transcription factor presence. Therefore, polymerase affinity is crucial for protein synthesis.

Answer 2

A normal allele for a gene has more base pairs than the mutated form of the allele. Which type of mutation occurred?(1 point)
Responses

base pair substitution
base pair substitution

base pair deletion
base pair deletion

base pair insertion
base pair insertion

base pair separation

Answer 3

The correct response is:

base pair deletion

In this case, the normal allele has more base pairs than the mutated form, indicating that some base pairs have been removed from the DNA sequence, which is characteristic of a deletion mutation.

Answer 4

A DNA codon that codes for a certain protein undergoes a substitution mutation. The new codon codes for the same amino acid as the original codon. What is the most likely effect of the mutation?(1 point)
Responses

The mutated codon produces a different protein than the original codon and causes a disease because the protein does not function properly.
The mutated codon produces a different protein than the original codon and causes a disease because the protein does not function properly.

The mutated codon produces a protein with the same amino acid sequence as the original codon and causes a disease because the protein does not function properly.
The mutated codon produces a protein with the same amino acid sequence as the original codon and causes a disease because the protein does not function properly.

The mutated codon produces the same protein as the original codon and does not cause a disease.
The mutated codon produces the same protein as the original codon and does not cause a disease.

The mutated codon prevents the protein from forming and causes a disease.

Answer 5

The correct response is:

The mutated codon produces the same protein as the original codon and does not cause a disease.

This situation describes a synonymous mutation (or silent mutation), where a substitution in the DNA sequence does not change the amino acid sequence of the protein due to the redundancy in the genetic code. As a result, the protein remains the same and is likely to function normally, thus not causing a disease.

Answer 6

The two processes of using DNA to make mRNA and then using mRNA to make a functional protein are(1 point)
Responses

transcription and translation, respectively.
transcription and translation, respectively.

translation and transcription, respectively.
translation and transcription, respectively.

gene regulation and gene expression, respectively.
gene regulation and gene expression, respectively.

gene expression and gene regulation, respectively.

Answer 7

The correct response is:

transcription and translation, respectively.

Transcription is the process of synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template, and translation is the process of synthesizing a functional protein using the mRNA sequence.

Answer 8

In the cells of multicellular organisms, proteins are assembled in the(1 point)
Responses

chromatin.
chromatin.

ribosome.
ribosome.

mRNA.
mRNA.

nucleus.

Answer 9

The correct response is:

ribosome.

In the cells of multicellular organisms, proteins are assembled in the ribosome, where mRNA is translated into a polypeptide chain (protein).

Answer 10

Which type of regulation in prokaryotes targets the mature mRNA before it can be used in protein synthesis?(1 point)
Responses

translational control
translational control

post-transcriptional control
post-transcriptional control

transcriptional control
transcriptional control

post-translational control

Answer 11

The correct response is:

post-transcriptional control.

Post-transcriptional control in prokaryotes involves mechanisms that affect the mature mRNA after it has been transcribed but before it is translated into protein. This can include processes like mRNA stability, splicing (if applicable), and the presence of regulatory RNAs.