What happens when thermal energy is removed from a substance

Answer 1

When thermal energy is removed from a substance, its temperature decreases and it may eventually reach a point where it undergoes a phase change. The molecules within the substance slow down and move closer together, which can lead to changes in properties such as volume, density, and state.

For example, when thermal energy is removed from water, it can transition from a liquid to a solid (ice) as the molecules slow down and form a crystalline structure. Similarly, when thermal energy is removed from a gas, its molecules slow down and move closer together, causing it to condense into a liquid.

Overall, removing thermal energy from a substance can result in changes in its physical properties and phase transitions.