Use a variation model to solve for the unknown value.

The body mass index (BMI) of an individual varies directly as the weight of the individual and inversely as the square of the height of the individual. The body mass index for a 163-lb person who is 70 in, tall is 23.39. Determine the BMI for an individual who is 67 in. tall and 158 lb.

1 answer

To solve for the unknown value of the body mass index (BMI) using the given relationships, we will use the concept of variation. The formula for BMI can be represented as:

\[ \text{BMI} = k \cdot \frac{w}{h^2} \]

where:

  • \( k \) is a constant,
  • \( w \) is the weight of the individual in pounds,
  • \( h \) is the height of the individual in inches.

Step 1: Find the constant \( k \)

From the given information for the first individual:

  • Weight (\( w \)) = 163 lb
  • Height (\( h \)) = 70 in
  • BMI = 23.39

We can substitute these values into the formula to find \( k \):

\[ 23.39 = k \cdot \frac{163}{70^2} \]

Calculating \( 70^2 \):

\[ 70^2 = 4900 \]

Now substituting this value in:

\[ 23.39 = k \cdot \frac{163}{4900} \]

To isolate \( k \), multiply both sides by \( \frac{4900}{163} \):

\[ k = 23.39 \cdot \frac{4900}{163} \]

Calculating \( \frac{4900}{163} \):

\[ \frac{4900}{163} \approx 30.06 \]

Now calculate \( k \):

\[ k = 23.39 \cdot 30.06 \approx 703.53 \]

Step 2: Use \( k \) to find the BMI for the second individual

Now we need to find the BMI for another individual with:

  • Weight (\( w \)) = 158 lb
  • Height (\( h \)) = 67 in

Using the formula, we can now substitute \( k \), \( w \), and \( h \):

\[ \text{BMI} = 703.53 \cdot \frac{158}{67^2} \]

Calculating \( 67^2 \):

\[ 67^2 = 4489 \]

Substituting this value in:

\[ \text{BMI} = 703.53 \cdot \frac{158}{4489} \]

Calculating \( \frac{158}{4489} \):

\[ \frac{158}{4489} \approx 0.0352 \]

Now substituting back to get BMI:

\[ \text{BMI} = 703.53 \cdot 0.0352 \approx 24.79 \]

Final answer

The BMI for an individual who is 67 inches tall and weighs 158 pounds is approximately:

\[ \text{BMI} \approx 24.79 \]