There are many differences between the two major cell types: prokaryotes and eukaryotes. However, the different structures and modes of organization perform basically the same functions. Briefly compare and contrast the different features or functions of prokaryotes and eukaryotes by answering each of the following questions in several well-developed paragraphs.
A. What is a major structural advantage that eukaryotic cells have over prokaryotic cells? Why is this so important?
B. Identify one similar and one different way each type of cell uses flagella.
C. The cytoskeleton of eukaryotes serves many functions. One of these functions is served in prokaryotes by a different major structure. Which structural feature is it? How do these different structures serve the same function in the two cell types?
A. The biggest structural advantage would be the fact the eukaryotic cells have a nuclear membrane and prokaryotic cells don't. The membrane provides extra protection for the genetic material. The extra membrane provides protection against UV rays, this allows them to be able to be in the direct sunlight. This is very important because any damage to the genetic material could result in mutations and other damage.
B. Both Eukaryotic cells and Prokaryotic cells use flagella as a means for transportation. In the prokaryotic cell, it is mainly used to propel the cell forward. However, the flagella in eukaryotic cells are made up of several filaments and are much more complex than just movement, like in the prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic flagella also have microtubules that extend along their entire length.
C. The cytoskeleton of eukaryotes serves many functions. One of these functions is served in prokaryotes by a different major structure, the cell wall. However, these different structures serve basically the same function. The cytoskeleton of the eukaryote holds the cell together, and keeps the membrane from collapsing. The cell wall in the prokaryote provides structure and support. Prokaryotes depend on cell walls to give the cell shape because they don't have an inner supporting skeleton.
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