To solve the equation \( x^2 = 289 \) by inspection, we recognize that we need to find the square roots of 289.
Calculating the square root:
\[ \sqrt{289} = 17 \]
Thus, the solutions to the equation \( x^2 = 289 \) are:
\[ x = 17 \quad \text{and} \quad x = -17 \]
To provide the answers in the requested order (lesser number first):
The two real solutions are:
\[ -17 \quad \text{and} \quad 17 \]