- The brain contains numerous neurons (nerve cells), the basic units of the brain.
- Neurons transmit information using electrical impulses and chemical signals.
- Communication occurs between different brain areas and between the brain and the nervous system.
- Each neuron has three parts:
- Cell body
- Axon (long projection)
- Dendrites (thousands of tiny branches that can split into smaller sections)
- In the adult brain, each neuron has many connections and collectively makes up the grey matter.
- Neurons are arranged in specific patterns to coordinate:
- Thought
- Emotion
- Movement
- Sensation
- A complex network of neurons links the brain to the body for rapid communication.
- When thinking, feeling, or perceiving, electrical impulses travel through a neural circuit:
- Impulses leave one neuron via the axon and enter the receiving neuron through its dendrites.
Simplify the following in bullet points
The brain contains countless neurons (nerve cells), the fundamental units of the
brain. Neurons use electrical impulses and chemical signals to transmit information
between different areas of the brain, and between the brain and the rest of the nervous
system. Each neuron consists of three parts — a cell body, a longish projection called
an axon, and thousands of tiny branches called dendrites, which themselves split into
smaller sections, like the root system of a plant. In the adult brain, each neuron has many
connections (see Figure 3.4). Collectively, neurons and their projections are called the
grey matter of the brain. These neurons are arranged in patterns that coordinate thought,
emotion, movement, and sensation.
A complicated pathway system of neurons connects the brain to the rest of the
body so that communication can occur in split seconds. When we think, feel, or perceive
something, these electrical impulses or signals are carried along a neural circuit — they
leave one neuron through its axon and enter the receiving neuron through its dendrites
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