Select the statement that does not explain a component of a thermodynamic system.

Question

A) Matter is not a component of a thermodynamic system.
B) Internal energy is not a component of a thermodynamic system.
C) Surroundings are not a component of a thermodynamic system.
D) A boundary is not a component of a thermodynamic system.

Answer 1

A thermodynamic system is typically defined by its components, which include matter, internal energy, surroundings, and boundaries. Therefore, each option provided states that something is not a component of a thermodynamic system. The correct answer is:

A) Matter is not a component of a thermodynamic system.

This statement is false, as matter is indeed a fundamental component of a thermodynamic system. The other statements (B, C, and D) are also false, as internal energy, surroundings, and boundaries are essential components of a thermodynamic system.

Answer 2

Select the statement(s) that accurately describes an open system.

A) Only energy can enter or exit an open system.
B) The boundary must be permeable to prevent molecules from entering or exiting the system.
C) Living things exist in an open thermodynamics system.
D) Energy can be exchanged across the boundary between the system and its surroundings.
E) The boundary must be permeable to allow molecules to enter or exit the system.

Answer 3

An open system in thermodynamics is characterized by the ability to exchange both matter and energy with its surroundings. Based on this definition, the accurate statements describing an open system are:

C) Living things exist in an open thermodynamics system.
D) Energy can be exchanged across the boundary between the system and its surroundings.
E) The boundary must be permeable to allow molecules to enter or exit the system.

Statements A and B are not accurate for open systems:

• A) An open system allows both energy and matter to enter or exit, not just energy.
• B) The boundary must be permeable to allow for the exchange of both energy and matter, not to prevent it.

Thus, the correct answers are C, D, and E.

Answer 4

Select the statement that is not accurate about a closed system.

A) In a closed system, it is less common in natural systems.
B) A closed system is characterized by a permeable membrane.
C) In a closed system, internal energy can change.
D) In a closed system, mass of the system is conserved.

Answer 5

In thermodynamics, a closed system is one that can exchange energy (heat and work) with its surroundings but does not exchange matter. Let's analyze each statement:

A) In a closed system, it is less common in natural systems.
This statement is generally accurate, as closed systems are often idealizations used in theoretical analyses and are less commonly found in natural systems compared to open systems.

B) A closed system is characterized by a permeable membrane.
This statement is not accurate. A closed system does not allow the exchange of matter across its boundaries, so it would not be characterized by a permeable membrane. Instead, a closed system might have an impermeable boundary that allows for energy exchanges but not matter exchanges.

C) In a closed system, internal energy can change.
This statement is accurate. Internal energy can change in a closed system due to work done on or by the system or heat transferred to or from the system.

D) In a closed system, mass of the system is conserved.
This statement is accurate as well. Closed systems do not allow mass to enter or exit.

Thus, the statement that is not accurate about a closed system is:

B) A closed system is characterized by a permeable membrane.

Answer 6

Select the statement(s) that are true about thermodynamic systems.

A) Two systems must have different temperatures for heat transfer to occur.
B) Internal energy and mass is conserved in an isolated system.
C) Internal energy is conserved in a closed system.
D) Temperature is the measure of how much thermal energy is present in a system.
E) Thermal energy is a type of kinetic energy present in all systems containing matter.

Answer 7

Let's evaluate each of the statements about thermodynamic systems:

A) Two systems must have different temperatures for heat transfer to occur.
This statement is true. Heat transfer occurs spontaneously from a hotter system to a cooler system until thermal equilibrium is reached; therefore, a temperature difference is necessary for heat transfer.

B) Internal energy and mass is conserved in an isolated system.
This statement is true. In an isolated system, neither energy nor mass can enter or exit the system, so both are conserved.

C) Internal energy is conserved in a closed system.
This statement is not necessarily true. While mass does not enter or exit a closed system, internal energy can change due to heat transfer or work done on or by the system. Therefore, it is more accurate to say that internal energy is conserved only under specific conditions (e.g., in the absence of work and heat transfer).

D) Temperature is the measure of how much thermal energy is present in a system.
This statement is not accurate. Temperature is not a measure of the total thermal energy present in a system; instead, it is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in the system.

E) Thermal energy is a type of kinetic energy present in all systems containing matter.
This statement is not entirely accurate. While thermal energy is related to the kinetic energy of particles, it also includes the potential energy associated with the positions of particles. Thus, it is more appropriate to think of thermal energy as encompassing both kinetic and potential energy components due to the interactions between particles.

Based on this evaluation, the true statements about thermodynamic systems are:

A) Two systems must have different temperatures for heat transfer to occur.
B) Internal energy and mass is conserved in an isolated system.

Answer 8

Please accurately complete this paragraph.

Thermodynamics is the study of the exchange of heat and ? between a system and its surroundings. There are three types of thermodynamic systems: open, closed, and isolated. In an open system, matter and energy are freely exchanged across a
? boundary. In a closed system, matter is ? while internal energy can change. Truly isolated systems are difficult to come by because every substance contains some amount of thermal energy. Transfer of thermal energy can be prevented through the use of materials known as thermal ?.

Please choose from the following words.
permeable

conductors

friction

insulators

transformed

conserved

work

impermeable

Answer 9

Here’s the completed paragraph:

Thermodynamics is the study of the exchange of heat and work between a system and its surroundings. There are three types of thermodynamic systems: open, closed, and isolated. In an open system, matter and energy are freely exchanged across a permeable boundary. In a closed system, matter is conserved while internal energy can change. Truly isolated systems are difficult to come by because every substance contains some amount of thermal energy. Transfer of thermal energy can be prevented through the use of materials known as thermal insulators.