In Islamic society, the people who were typically considered part of the upper class included:
- senior officials
- ruling families
- wealthiest merchants
Nomadic elites could also be considered part of the upper class in certain contexts, but they are often associated with a different social structure. Mine workers, on the other hand, are generally not classified as upper class. Non-Muslims might hold certain positions of wealth or status, but they typically did not have the same social standing as Muslim elites in many historical Islamic societies.
So, the correct selections are:
- senior officials
- ruling families
- wealthiest merchants