Scientists often study the location and frequencies of natural disasters throughout a region. In North Carolina, scientists have studied the location and frequencies of landslides because they are one of the most common natural hazards in the area. Scientists are currently investigating the causes of landslides and the geological impact they have on the region. They have done a lot of studies on how the amount of rainfall in the region has caused landslides to occur.

Question

Khalil and his family are moving to North Carolina and recently learned about the work of the scientists. They are looking at homes throughout the region. In their search for a new home, they want to consider when and how often landslides have occurred before making a final decision. Khalil and his family analyze data from the scientists. Through his research, he found out the the British define a mountain as a “hill that is over 1000 feet high.”

Constructed Response Question
After reviewing all of the scientist’s data, Khalil makes the following claim: “The role of water in Earth’s geological processes contribute to the formation of landslides in North Carolina.” Do you agree or disagree with Khalil’s claim? Support your reasoning.

Answer 1

I agree with Khalil’s claim that water plays a significant role in Earth’s geological processes that contribute to the formation of landslides in North Carolina. There are several reasons to support this assertion:

1. Soil Saturation: When heavy rainfall occurs, the soil in mountainous or hilly regions can become saturated with water. Saturated soil loses its cohesion, making it less stable and more prone to sliding. In North Carolina, the region's geology, which consists of sedimentary and metamorphic rock, can be particularly susceptible to landslides when water weakens the structural integrity of the soil.

2. Increased Weight of Soil: Water adds additional weight to the soil, which can increase the likelihood of landslides. As the soil becomes heavier due to the accumulation of water, the gravitational forces acting on the slope increase, leading to a higher risk of slope failure.

3. Soil Erosion: Water can cause erosion, which gradually removes the material that stabilizes slopes. Over time, the removal of this material can lead to increased vulnerability to landslides, especially in regions with steep terrain like those found in North Carolina.

4. Human Impact: Construction and land use changes can also exacerbate the effects of water on landslide occurrences. When natural vegetation is removed, the soil is more exposed and vulnerable to the impacts of intense rainfall, which can trigger landslides. This is particularly relevant in areas where Khalil and his family might consider moving, as understanding local land use practices could inform their decision.

5. Past Data and Correlations: The data analyzed by Khalil and his family from scientists indicates a correlation between heavy rainfall events and landslide occurrences in North Carolina. Historical records of landslides often show that periods of intense precipitation precede such events, supporting the idea that water is a critical factor in their formation.

In conclusion, Khalil’s claim that water plays a significant role in the geological processes leading to landslides in North Carolina is well-supported by scientific evidence and geological principles. Understanding the relationship between rainfall and landslides is crucial for assessing the safety and suitability of potential new homes in the region.