Based on the information provided, here are the most appropriate responses to both parts of your question:
PART A: What type of reproduction is illustrated above?
Without seeing the illustration, I cannot definitively choose an option. However, if the reproduction process illustrated involves a single organism replicating itself without combining with another organism, it would likely be B (asexual) or D (binary fission) if it's referring specifically to a method used by certain prokaryotic organisms (like bacteria).
PART B: What is the main advantage of your answer to Part A?
If you determined that the reproduction type is asexual, the most relevant response would be B (there only needs to be one organism present to reproduce).
If you chose binary fission, you might also argue that C (from start to the creation of a new organism happens very quickly allowing for a fast increase in population) is a good fit, as binary fission is typically a rapid process.
Again, it's essential to know the specific illustration to provide accurate answers.