In a toaster, electrical energy is converted into thermal energy through resistive heating elements. When the toaster is switched on, electricity from the power source flows through the resistive elements, which have a high resistance to the flow of electricity. This resistance causes the electrical energy to be converted into heat energy, which then heats up the toaster's metal coils.
As the coils heat up, they transfer the thermal energy to the surrounding air and to the bread inside the toaster, toasting it. Essentially, the electrical energy is transformed into thermal energy through resistance heating in the toaster, with the end result being warm, toasted bread.
Page 5, Question #1- Explain the energy transformations that occur in a toaster.
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