To solve the problem using the equation \( b \times 8 + 25 = 500 \), we need to identify the operations involved:
- Multiplication: Niel makes 8 identical necklaces, which involves multiplying the number of beads per necklace (b) by 8.
- Addition: After making the necklaces, he adds 25 beads to the total.
- Subtraction: To find out how many beads Niel started with, you would need to subtract the 25 beads (which he bought) from the total of 500 beads.
So, the operations needed here involve both multiplication (for the 8 necklaces) and subtraction (to find the initial number of beads before he bought more).
Given that, the correct response is:
subtraction and multiplication.