Question

Name the symptoms that may appear as a result of nematodes infection of plants

Answer 1

Nematode infections in plants can lead to various symptoms, which may vary depending on the type of nematode and the host plant. Common symptoms include:

1. **Root Galls or Knots**: Swellings on roots caused by root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) can disrupt root function.

2. **Stunted Growth**: Infected plants often exhibit reduced growth and vigor due to root damage and impaired nutrient uptake.

3. **Yellowing of Leaves**: Chlorosis, or yellowing of leaves, can occur as a result of nutrient deficiencies caused by root damage.

4. **Wilting**: Plants may wilt even if the soil is adequately moist because damaged roots are unable to absorb water effectively.

5. **Poor Root Development**: Root systems may be underdeveloped and less effective in anchoring the plant and absorbing nutrients and water.

6. **Leaf Drop**: Premature leaf drop can occur in response to the stress induced by nematode infection.

7. **Mosaic Patterns on Leaves**: In some cases, nematode infections can lead to mosaic or mottled leaf patterns, often associated with viral infections.

8. **Discoloration and Necrosis**: Some nematodes can cause localized necrosis or discoloration on leaves and stems.

9. **Reduced Yields**: Overall yield reduction is common, especially in agricultural crops, due to the cumulative effects of nematode damage.

10. **Poor Fruit Quality**: Infected plants may produce fruit that is smaller, misshapen, or otherwise of lower quality.

These symptoms can often be mistaken for other plant stresses, so proper diagnosis is essential for effective management of nematode infestations.