If one drops a sphere and a piece of paper from the same height of 10 meters(H=10m) and the sphere hits the ground in 1.4 secs and the paper in 2 secs, what is the gravity associated with the sphere and why did the impact time change between the paper and sphere?

Answer 1

The sphere will have negligible aerodynamic drag compared to the weight (unless it is made of something hollow, or very light like Styrafoam). In that case
H = (1/2)gt^2 , so
g = 2H/t^2 = 10.2 m/s^2

The paper will take longer to reach the ground because aerodynamic drag will be a larger fraction of the weight. It will reach terminal velocity sooner, and tend to so from side to side if it is a flat piece of pasper.