Identify four types of organic molecules essential to human functioning

Question

Explain the chemistry behind carbon’s affinity for covalently bonding in organic compounds
Provide examples of three types of carbohydrates, and identify the primary functions of carbohydrates in the body
Discuss four types of lipids important in human functioning
Describe the structure of proteins, and discuss their importance to human functioning
Identify the building blocks of nucleic acids, and the roles of DNA, RNA, and ATP in human functioning
Organic compounds typically consist of groups of carbon atoms covalently bonded to hydrogen, usually oxygen, and often other elements as well. They are found throughout the world, in soils and seas, commercial products, and every cell of the human body. The four types most important to human structure and function are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Before exploring these compounds, you need to first understand the chemistry of carbon.
give a short summary introducing these in short sentences

Answer 1

Organic molecules are vital for human functioning and include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Carbon is the backbone of these compounds, exhibiting a high affinity for covalent bonding due to its four valence electrons, allowing it to form stable bonds with a variety of elements. Carbohydrates, such as glucose, starch, and glycogen, primarily serve as energy sources and structural components in the body. Lipids encompass fats, oils, phospholipids, and steroids, playing roles in energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Proteins, made from amino acids, are essential for numerous bodily functions, including structure, transport, enzymes, and immune responses. Nucleic acids like DNA and RNA are composed of nucleotides, with DNA storing genetic information, RNA facilitating protein synthesis, and ATP serving as the energy currency of the cell. Together, these organic compounds are fundamental to maintaining life and supporting various biological processes.