How do surface water and groundwater interact?

Question

Surface water flows into oceans, but groundwater stays underground forever.

Groundwater flows to the surface but never mixes with surface water.

Surface water can replenish groundwater, and groundwater can feed surface water.

Groundwater flows to the surface but never mixes with surface water.

Answer 1

The correct statement regarding the interaction between surface water and groundwater is:

Surface water can replenish groundwater, and groundwater can feed surface water.

This interaction is a crucial part of the hydrological cycle. Surface water, such as rivers, lakes, and streams, can infiltrate into the ground and recharge aquifers (groundwater). Conversely, groundwater can discharge into surface water bodies, contributing to their flow, especially during dry periods. This exchange between surface water and groundwater is vital for maintaining ecosystems and water supply.