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7th grade science test unit 5
Evolution Test.
Question 1.
Fossils and genes are used to determine:
Answer, Differences between organisms.
Question 2.
A common ancestor is an organism that is the:
Answer, Direct ancestor of two or more different organisms.
Question 3.
A scientist discovers a fossil of a new organism and places it in the fossil record. The fossil shows the organism had similar structures to organism X, which appears later in the fossil record. Which conclusion about the organisms is most reasonable?
Answer, The fossils are from an organism that is an ancestor of organism X.
Question 4.
Which group includes only bipedal animals?
Answer, Hominin
Question 5.
What does the fossil record tell us about the evolution of the Hominin skull?
Answer, The part of the skull surrounding the brain grew larger as hominins evolved.
Question 6.
Compared to rodents, rabbits have an extra pair of incisors and other skeletal structures that are different. They also have some features that are similar. What can scientists conclude from this observation?
Answer, Rodents and rabbits share a common ancestor.
Question 7.
Humans, mice, and giraffes have seven vertebrae in their necks. What can scientists conclude from this observation?
Answer, These animals descended from a common ancestor.
Question 8.
Archaeopteryx is considered to be a transitional form between dinosaurs and birds. Which of the following is a trait that is unique to both Archaeopteryx and modern birds?
Answer, feathers
Question 9.
Which pattern emerged in horse evolution as scientists studied early horse fossils and modern horse bones?
Answer, The earliest horses had four foot bones (three small and one large), intermediate forms had three foot bones (two small and one large), and modern horses have a single large foot bone.
Question 10.
Listed below are characteristics that serve as evidence of shared ancestry between fish and reptiles. Select the option that applies only to embryos rather than adults.
Answer, Gill slits that turn into gills.
Question 11.
Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals have similar embryos.
They all start with gill slits. Fish and some amphibians grow to have gills. Some amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals develop lungs to breathe air.
They all start with tails. Fish, some amphibians, reptiles, and birds grow tails. Humans do not keep their tails.
Fish and reptiles develop scales. Amphibians, birds, and humans have skin. Birds have feathers, and humans have hair.
Which two animals exhibit the most linear relationship?
Answer, Amphibians and fish
Question 12.
Which evidence supports the theory that fish and mammals evolved from the same ancestor?
Answer, Their embryos share features in the early stages of development.
Question 13.
Which pattern is evidence that reptiles and amphibians share the same ancestor?
Answer They have backbones.
Question 14. (This is an essay question, please put this in your own words and don't copy mine, you'll be flagged for plagiarism)
In three to five sentences, explain how the fossil record provides evidence for the idea of natural selection.
Answer, Fossil records provide evidence to some things we wonder about today. They also help scientists identify what the animal was before they died. They can also tell us how they died. We use fossils today to explain or conclude what animals are descendants of animals that are no longer living. Fossils are natural forms of something that used to be living and they have preserved themselves. Without fossils we today probably wouldn't know about the existence of dinosaurs.
(My answers are 100% correct)
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