For Japanese "Ra Ri Ru Re Ro", do you actually pronounce it as "La Li Lu Le Lo"?

Yes, that is correct.

In Japan, Ramen noodles are pronounced "lamen" (laah-men)

Thanks.
Are these the only exceptions?
Or are there more of these?

Thank you for using the Jiskha Homework Help Forum. The "f" in "Fuji" is like "who." The sound of "l" does not exist in Japanese, so as Leo told you, it is pronounced as "r."

Words like arigato.. pronounce more like adigato