Determine the final temperature when 100 g of water absorbs 1000 J of thermal energy, given that the initial temperature of the water is 20.0°C. The theoretical specific heat capacity of water is 4.19 J/g°C.

Answer 1

To determine the final temperature, we can use the equation:

q = mcΔT

Where:
- q is the thermal energy absorbed/released by the substance (in this case, water) (Joules)
- m is the mass of the substance (in this case, water) (grams)
- c is the specific heat capacity of the substance (J/g°C)
- ΔT is the change in temperature (final temperature - initial temperature) (°C)

Rearranging the equation to solve for ΔT, we have:

ΔT = q / (mc)

Substituting the given values:

q = 1000 J
m = 100 g
c = 4.19 J/g°C

ΔT = 1000 J / (100 g * 4.19 J/g°C)

Calculating ΔT:

ΔT = 1000 J / 419 J/°C

ΔT ≈ 2.39 °C

To find the final temperature, we add the change in temperature to the initial temperature:

Final temperature = Initial temperature + ΔT

Final temperature = 20.0°C + 2.39°C

Final temperature ≈ 22.29°C

Therefore, the final temperature is approximately 22.29°C.