The political philosophy of the Egyptian government throughout all three major dynastic periods can be described as an absolute monarchy. In this system, the ruler, known as the pharaoh, held complete and unlimited power. The pharaoh was considered to be a divine figure and the ultimate authority in both political and religious matters. The pharaoh's power and authority were inherited through a hereditary system, passing from one generation to the next within the royal family.
The economic system in Ancient Egypt can be described as mainly agrarian with some elements of capitalism. The economy was centered around agriculture, with the majority of the population engaged in farming and the cultivation of crops. The government, through the pharaoh, controlled the land and its resources. Trade and commerce also played a significant role in the economy, with Egypt being a hub for international trade in various luxury goods such as gold, spices, and precious stones.
Regarding gender relations, Egypt did not have a specific feminist system in place during any of the dynastic periods. Like many ancient civilizations, Egypt was a patriarchal society, where men held greater power and privilege compared to women. Women's roles were largely confined to the domestic sphere, with their primary responsibilities being marriage, childbirth, and managing the household. However, it is worth noting that there were women rulers in ancient Egypt, such as Hatshepsut and Cleopatra, who held substantial political power, challenging gender norms.
Religiously, Egypt had a polytheistic belief system for the majority of its dynastic periods. Egyptians worshipped a multitude of gods and goddesses, attributing different deities to various aspects of life, nature, and society. This polytheistic belief system played a crucial role in shaping the political and social structure of Egypt, as the pharaoh was considered a living god, the intermediary between the human world and the divine realm. However, during the reign of Pharaoh Akhenaten in the 14th century BCE, Egypt briefly shifted towards monotheism, with the pharaoh promoting the worship of Aten, the sun disk, as the sole god. This religious reform did not last long, and Egypt returned to its polytheistic beliefs after Akhenaten's death.
Describe the political philosophy of the Egyptian government through all three major dynastic periods.(1 point)
absolute monarchy
capitalism
feminist system
monotheism
1 answer