Question

Define a fact, observation, and inference and give an example of each. (Be able to identify all 3 from an example.)

Answer 1

Sure! Here are the definitions and examples for a fact, observation, and inference:

### Fact:
**Definition:** A fact is a statement that can be proven to be true or false based on evidence or objective reality. It is indisputable, regardless of personal beliefs or interpretations.

**Example:** "Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius at sea level."
- This is a fact because it can be tested and measured.

### Observation:
**Definition:** An observation is the act of noticing or perceiving something using the senses. It can involve viewing, hearing, smelling, touching, or tasting.

**Example:** "The ground is wet."
- This is an observation because it is based on sensory perception (seeing with one's eyes).

### Inference:
**Definition:** An inference is a conclusion or interpretation that is drawn based on observations and prior knowledge. Inferences go beyond the immediate evidence and involve reasoning.

**Example:** "It has been raining."
- This is an inference because the speaker is concluding that it has rained based on the observation that the ground is wet.

### Summary Example:
Given these definitions and examples, if we consider the situation where a person sees that the ground is wet (observation), they might say, "It has been raining" (inference) based on the established fact that "Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius."