Can you help determine what would be the best approach to answering the following question? I selected E but the wording NOT has me unsure about whether to select D.

Which of the following are NOT representative of psychological causal factors of abnormal behavior?
A. Inadequate parenting styles
B. Abuse and neglect in the home
C. Peer rejection
D. none of the above
E. All of the above are representative of psychological casual factors

3 answers

Certainly A, B, and C are potential causes of abnormal behavior, aren't they? So which are NOT psychological causal factors?
You are right to be confused, though. Both D and E mean the same thing, so we have no idea which will be considered "correct" by the computer program that checks your answers. I wish I could help more. I'd choose D.
The answer was E. I do agree with you about D and E are the same. Thanks again.