To determine which body of water is closest to the Mediterranean Sea, we can analyze the geographical locations of the options provided:
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Nile River: The Nile River flows northward from East Africa through Egypt and empties into the Mediterranean Sea, making it very close to the Mediterranean.
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Lake Victoria: Lake Victoria is located in East Africa and is quite far from the Mediterranean Sea, situated to the south.
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Lake Chad: Lake Chad is located in Central Africa and is also quite distant from the Mediterranean Sea.
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Niger River: The Niger River flows through several West African countries but does not flow directly into the Mediterranean Sea; rather, it empties into the Atlantic Ocean.
Given this information, the Nile River is the body of water that is closest to the Mediterranean Sea.