Question

All sages provide both wisdom and inspiration. Since Dasha’s speech contained wisdom and greatly inspired her audience, Dasha is a sage.
Which one of the following points out the flaw in the argument above?

Answer 1

Does anyone else beside sages provide wisdom and inspiration?

Answer 2

The way I remember this subject:

hypothetical statement - if a cow, then a mammal

converse - if mammal, then a cow (not necessarily true)

inverse - if not a cow, then not a mammal (not necessarily true)

contrapositive - if not a mammal, then not a cow (true)

now here
statement - if sage, then wisdom
converse - if wisdom, then sage (not necessarily true) (this is it!)
inverse - if not sage, then not wisdom (not necessarily true)
contrapositive - if not wisdom, then not sage (true)

Here we have the converse, so not necessarily true.

Answer 3

Alternately draw Venn diagrams as Ms. Sue did in her head.