To calculate the ΔH (enthalpy change) of the reaction, you need to use the equation:
ΔH = q/n
Where:
- ΔH is the enthalpy change (in J/mol)
- q is the heat transferred (in J)
- n is the number of moles of the limiting reactant
First, let's calculate the heat transferred (q) using the equation:
q = m * c * ΔT
Where:
- q is the heat transferred (in J)
- m is the mass of the solution (in g)
- c is the specific heat capacity of water (in J/g°C)
- ΔT is the change in temperature (in °C)
Since we are assuming the density and specific heat capacity of the solution are the same as for pure water, we can consider the mass of the solution to be the sum of the masses of H2SO4 and KOH used.
The mass of H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) can be calculated using the formula:
mass = volume * density
Given that the density of water is 1.00 g/mL and the volume is given as 22.7 mL, we can calculate the mass of H2SO4.
mass of H2SO4 = volume of H2SO4 * density of water
Next, calculate the mass of KOH (potassium hydroxide) in the same manner.
mass of KOH = volume of KOH * density of water
Now that we have the masses of H2SO4 and KOH, we can calculate the total mass of the solution.
mass of solution = mass of H2SO4 + mass of KOH
Next, we need to calculate the change in temperature (ΔT). It is given in the problem as 30.17°C - 23.50°C.
Once you have calculated the mass of the solution and the change in temperature, you can substitute these values into the equation:
q = mass of solution * specific heat capacity of water * ΔT
Finally, to calculate the ΔH, we need to determine the number of moles of the limiting reactant used in the reaction. Since both H2SO4 and KOH have a 1:1 mole ratio, we can use the volume and molarity to calculate the number of moles of H2SO4. The number of moles (n) is calculated using the formula:
moles = volume * concentration
Since the volume and concentration of H2SO4 are provided in the problem, you can calculate the moles of H2SO4.
Now, you can substitute the calculated values for mass, specific heat capacity, ΔT, and moles into the equation:
ΔH = q/n
Solve for ΔH to get the enthalpy change of the reaction.