If a non-English-speaking person is being tested for placement in the right level of ESL, for example, the first thing I've seen teachers do is to speak to the person in English with a picture book in hand. It doesn't take long to determine if the person truly has no English in his/her background or has a little or how much.
There are several tests here:
http://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GGGE_enUS379US379&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8&q=testing+for+esl+placement
The teacher modifies assessments once he/she figures out how much the person is able to respond to in English. Directions are usually given in the testing procedures.
How is an ELL's level of language proficiency determined?
How do you modify your assessments to evaluate ELLs understanding of content?
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