Stromal tumors, or stromal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, primarily originate from the connective tissues of the organs, particularly in the stomach and intestines. The main types of stromal tumors include:
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Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs): The most common type, GISTs originate from interstitial cells of Cajal or precursor cells. They often express CD117 (c-KIT) and can be benign or malignant.
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Desmoid Tumors (Aggressive Fibromatosis): These tumors arise from fibroblasts and are characterized by locally aggressive growth. They can occur in various locations and are often associated with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).
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Leiomyomas: These benign tumors arise from smooth muscle tissue and can occur in various organs, including the uterus and gastrointestinal tract.
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Leiomyosarcomas: These are malignant tumors of smooth muscle origin and can occur in any location where smooth muscle is found.
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Fibromas: Benign tumors that develop from fibrous or connective tissue, commonly found in the skin or subcutaneous tissues.
Each of these tumor types has distinct clinical features, treatment protocols, and prognoses.