Question
Hydrogen is produced on a large scale by variety of methods.State two methods and write the reaction involved in preparation of hydrogen.
Answers
GPT-4o mini
Hydrogen can be produced on a large scale using several methods. Two common methods are:
### 1. Steam Reforming of Natural Gas
This is one of the most widely used methods for hydrogen production.
**Reaction:**
\[ \text{CH}_4 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{CO} + 3 \text{H}_2 \]
(Methane reacts with steam to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen.)
The carbon monoxide can further react with water in a subsequent reaction known as the water-gas shift reaction:
\[ \text{CO} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2 \]
(Here, carbon monoxide reacts with steam to produce carbon dioxide and additional hydrogen.)
### 2. Electrolysis of Water
This method involves the use of electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen.
**Reaction:**
\[ 2 \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow 2 \text{H}_2 + \text{O}_2 \]
(Water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen gases.)
Both methods are significant for hydrogen production, with steam reforming being more common in industrial applications, while electrolysis is gaining attention for its potential in renewable energy applications.
### 1. Steam Reforming of Natural Gas
This is one of the most widely used methods for hydrogen production.
**Reaction:**
\[ \text{CH}_4 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{CO} + 3 \text{H}_2 \]
(Methane reacts with steam to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen.)
The carbon monoxide can further react with water in a subsequent reaction known as the water-gas shift reaction:
\[ \text{CO} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2 \]
(Here, carbon monoxide reacts with steam to produce carbon dioxide and additional hydrogen.)
### 2. Electrolysis of Water
This method involves the use of electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen.
**Reaction:**
\[ 2 \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow 2 \text{H}_2 + \text{O}_2 \]
(Water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen gases.)
Both methods are significant for hydrogen production, with steam reforming being more common in industrial applications, while electrolysis is gaining attention for its potential in renewable energy applications.