Around 800 B.C.E., hunter-gatherer groups near the Mississippi River began transitioning to settled agricultural lifestyles due to the region's favorable climate. Tribes such as the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Creek thrived by cultivating staple crops like maize, beans, and squash (O'Brien and Kiffel-Alcheh, 2021; History editors, 2020).

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Around 800 B.C.E., hunter-gatherer groups near the Mississippi River began settling into agriculture, fostering tribes like the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Creek, who thrived by cultivating maize, beans, and squash (O'Brien and Kiffel-Alcheh, 2021; History editors, 2020).