Question
To help solve the problems they faced in their diverse environments, each civilization developed certain characteristics. Ready to START learning them?
5 Characteristics of a Civilization:
S- specialized workers (artisans, scribes, priests, warriors, rulers, teachers, etc)
T-the complex institutions (religion, economics, government)
A- advanced cities (centers of trade with markets and large structures)
START
R-record keeping (census, system of writing w/ symbols)
T-technology (irrigation, roads, tools)
Let's look at one of the characteristics in more detail. In the Mesopotamian River Valley, the government established a system of laws called Hammurabi's Code. This is a complex institution.
Hammurabi's Code:
a written collection of laws
it provided stability and unity
It was applied to all citizens but not equally
This new judicial system enforced laws and settled disputes
New tech was invented in river valleys then, like today, it spread:
Mesopotamia: wheel, plow, sail, pottery, bronze works, cuneiform, number system based on 60, and 360 degree circles
Egypt: pyramids, hieroglyphics, papyrus, mummification, calendar system, medical advancements
Indus Valley: sewer and plumbing systems in Mohenjo-Daro and planned city systems (grid system), standard system of weights and measures, writing system
China: writing symbol based on characters/oracle bones, silk, coined money, and ironworks
Mesopotamia
Egypt
India
NAME:
Draw an image to represent each of the 5 characteristics of a civilization.
ADVANCED CITIES
SPECIALIZED WORKERS
THE COMPLIK MITMUTENG
RECORD KREPING
TECHNOLOGY
Hammurabi's Code is the oldest legal system in the world. It inspired other legal systems. What were 3 positive effects of the Code?
1.
2.
3.
Why do you think this Code is considered a Complex Institution?
YIOTUIR
Match the Civilization: Write the name of the River Valley Civilization (MICE) with the corresponding achievement. Essentially: Who did it?
Plumbing
Engineered Monuments-Pyramids
Engineered Monuments-Ziggurats
Medical Advancement
Coined Money
System of Weights and Measures
Wheel, sail, plow
Ironworks
Ziggurats
Life centered around these temples which rese hich to the sky
Pyramids and Statues
Mighty tombs where Pharaohs were burled. Huge statues honored their gods
Citadels
Built on a mound of bricks
these were used for look outs posts, meetings, gov't
1. What is the difference between a ziggurat and a pyramid?
2. Who built Citadels in the middle of their cities?
5 Characteristics of a Civilization:
S- specialized workers (artisans, scribes, priests, warriors, rulers, teachers, etc)
T-the complex institutions (religion, economics, government)
A- advanced cities (centers of trade with markets and large structures)
START
R-record keeping (census, system of writing w/ symbols)
T-technology (irrigation, roads, tools)
Let's look at one of the characteristics in more detail. In the Mesopotamian River Valley, the government established a system of laws called Hammurabi's Code. This is a complex institution.
Hammurabi's Code:
a written collection of laws
it provided stability and unity
It was applied to all citizens but not equally
This new judicial system enforced laws and settled disputes
New tech was invented in river valleys then, like today, it spread:
Mesopotamia: wheel, plow, sail, pottery, bronze works, cuneiform, number system based on 60, and 360 degree circles
Egypt: pyramids, hieroglyphics, papyrus, mummification, calendar system, medical advancements
Indus Valley: sewer and plumbing systems in Mohenjo-Daro and planned city systems (grid system), standard system of weights and measures, writing system
China: writing symbol based on characters/oracle bones, silk, coined money, and ironworks
Mesopotamia
Egypt
India
NAME:
Draw an image to represent each of the 5 characteristics of a civilization.
ADVANCED CITIES
SPECIALIZED WORKERS
THE COMPLIK MITMUTENG
RECORD KREPING
TECHNOLOGY
Hammurabi's Code is the oldest legal system in the world. It inspired other legal systems. What were 3 positive effects of the Code?
1.
2.
3.
Why do you think this Code is considered a Complex Institution?
YIOTUIR
Match the Civilization: Write the name of the River Valley Civilization (MICE) with the corresponding achievement. Essentially: Who did it?
Plumbing
Engineered Monuments-Pyramids
Engineered Monuments-Ziggurats
Medical Advancement
Coined Money
System of Weights and Measures
Wheel, sail, plow
Ironworks
Ziggurats
Life centered around these temples which rese hich to the sky
Pyramids and Statues
Mighty tombs where Pharaohs were burled. Huge statues honored their gods
Citadels
Built on a mound of bricks
these were used for look outs posts, meetings, gov't
1. What is the difference between a ziggurat and a pyramid?
2. Who built Citadels in the middle of their cities?
Answers
GPT-4o mini
### Draw an image to represent each of the 5 characteristics of a civilization.
1. **Advanced Cities**: Drawing of a bustling city with tall buildings, markets, and trade activities (e.g., shops and people exchanging goods).
2. **Specialized Workers**: Illustration of different professions such as a farmer, artisan, scribe, and priest, each engaged in their respective work.
3. **The Complex Institutions**: Image of a government building or temple, representing government and religious institutions, or a scale symbolizing law and order.
4. **Record Keeping**: Depiction of an ancient tablet with cuneiform writing or hieroglyphs, indicating the importance of written records.
5. **Technology**: Illustrations of tools, such as a plow, wheel, and irrigation system, showcasing the technological advancements of the time.
### Hammurabi's Code: Positive Effects
1. **Stability**: The Code provided a clear set of laws that helped maintain order in society, reducing disputes and conflicts.
2. **Unity**: By applying laws to all citizens (albeit unequally), the Code fostered a sense of collective identity and responsibility among the people.
3. **Justice**: The judicial system allowed for dispute resolution and enforcement of the law, giving citizens a formal way to seek justice.
### Why is Hammurabi's Code considered a Complex Institution?
Hammurabi's Code is considered a complex institution because it established a structured legal system that defined laws and consequences for the society. It required organization, governance, and a judiciary to enforce the laws, which signifies a sophisticated level of societal organization and control, essential traits for a civilization.
---
### Match the Civilization: Write the name of the River Valley Civilization (MICE) with the corresponding achievement.
1. **Plumbing**: **Indus Valley**
2. **Engineered Monuments - Pyramids**: **Egypt**
3. **Engineered Monuments - Ziggurats**: **Mesopotamia**
4. **Medical Advancement**: **Egypt**
5. **Coined Money**: **China**
6. **System of Weights and Measures**: **Indus Valley**
7. **Wheel, sail, plow**: **Mesopotamia**
8. **Ironworks**: **China**
9. **Ziggurats**: **Mesopotamia**
10. **Life centered around these temples which reached to the sky**: **Mesopotamia (Ziggurats)**
11. **Pyramids and Statues**: **Egypt**
12. **Citadels**: **Indus Valley**
---
### Questions:
1. **What is the difference between a ziggurat and a pyramid?**
- **Ziggurat**: A ziggurat is a terraced pyramid-like structure with a flat top, commonly built by ancient Mesopotamians as a temple or religious site. They often served as bases for temples.
- **Pyramid**: A pyramid, particularly the ones found in Egypt, is a massive structure with a square base and four triangular sides that converge to a single point at the top, primarily built as tombs for pharaohs and grand burial sites.
2. **Who built Citadels in the middle of their cities?**
- Citadels were built by the **Indus Valley civilization** as centers for governance, protection, and administrative functions within their planned cities.
1. **Advanced Cities**: Drawing of a bustling city with tall buildings, markets, and trade activities (e.g., shops and people exchanging goods).
2. **Specialized Workers**: Illustration of different professions such as a farmer, artisan, scribe, and priest, each engaged in their respective work.
3. **The Complex Institutions**: Image of a government building or temple, representing government and religious institutions, or a scale symbolizing law and order.
4. **Record Keeping**: Depiction of an ancient tablet with cuneiform writing or hieroglyphs, indicating the importance of written records.
5. **Technology**: Illustrations of tools, such as a plow, wheel, and irrigation system, showcasing the technological advancements of the time.
### Hammurabi's Code: Positive Effects
1. **Stability**: The Code provided a clear set of laws that helped maintain order in society, reducing disputes and conflicts.
2. **Unity**: By applying laws to all citizens (albeit unequally), the Code fostered a sense of collective identity and responsibility among the people.
3. **Justice**: The judicial system allowed for dispute resolution and enforcement of the law, giving citizens a formal way to seek justice.
### Why is Hammurabi's Code considered a Complex Institution?
Hammurabi's Code is considered a complex institution because it established a structured legal system that defined laws and consequences for the society. It required organization, governance, and a judiciary to enforce the laws, which signifies a sophisticated level of societal organization and control, essential traits for a civilization.
---
### Match the Civilization: Write the name of the River Valley Civilization (MICE) with the corresponding achievement.
1. **Plumbing**: **Indus Valley**
2. **Engineered Monuments - Pyramids**: **Egypt**
3. **Engineered Monuments - Ziggurats**: **Mesopotamia**
4. **Medical Advancement**: **Egypt**
5. **Coined Money**: **China**
6. **System of Weights and Measures**: **Indus Valley**
7. **Wheel, sail, plow**: **Mesopotamia**
8. **Ironworks**: **China**
9. **Ziggurats**: **Mesopotamia**
10. **Life centered around these temples which reached to the sky**: **Mesopotamia (Ziggurats)**
11. **Pyramids and Statues**: **Egypt**
12. **Citadels**: **Indus Valley**
---
### Questions:
1. **What is the difference between a ziggurat and a pyramid?**
- **Ziggurat**: A ziggurat is a terraced pyramid-like structure with a flat top, commonly built by ancient Mesopotamians as a temple or religious site. They often served as bases for temples.
- **Pyramid**: A pyramid, particularly the ones found in Egypt, is a massive structure with a square base and four triangular sides that converge to a single point at the top, primarily built as tombs for pharaohs and grand burial sites.
2. **Who built Citadels in the middle of their cities?**
- Citadels were built by the **Indus Valley civilization** as centers for governance, protection, and administrative functions within their planned cities.