In Mayan society, power was primarily transferred through primogeniture, meaning that leadership was often passed down to the eldest son of a ruling family. This practice ensured that power remained within elite families. However, other methods such as war could also play a role in the transfer of power, as successful military leaders might seize control or be recognized as rulers.
While the Mayan calendar was significant in their culture for religious and agricultural purposes, it did not directly dictate the transfer of political power. Similarly, election was not a common practice in the traditional sense of democracy as understood today, although there might have been some instances where leaders were chosen based on merit or support from noble classes.
In summary, the main method of power transfer in Mayan society was through primogeniture, with elements of war also influencing leadership changes.